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Citric Acid CAS# 77-92-9

Natural and Biologically Compatible: Citric acid naturally occurs in plants and animals and plays a key role in cellular respiration, making it highly biocompatible and suitable for food, pharmaceutical, and biological applications.

Multi-Functional Chemical Reactivity: With three carboxyl groups, citric acid can release hydrogen ions stepwise and form citrate ions, enabling effective pH regulation and versatile chemical interactions in various formulations.

Excellent Metal Chelation Ability: Citric acid readily combines with metal ions to form stable citrate salts, such as calcium citrate, which is widely used in food fortification, medicine, and industrial applications.

Strong Derivative and Ester Formation Capability: It can form a variety of citrate esters (e.g., trimethyl citrate, triethyl citrate), expanding its use in plasticizers, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and specialty chemicals.

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Product Description

Product Description of Citric Acid CAS# 77-92-9

Citric acid is a white crystalline weak organic tricarboxylic acid with three carboxyl groups. Naturally present in most plants and animals as a cellular respiration intermediate, it is most abundant in lemons and limes (up to 8% dry weight).

It ionizes in water to form citrate ions, which readily form salts (e.g., calcium citrate) with metals. It also undergoes esterification to produce various citrate esters like trimethyl and triethyl citrate.

Product Application of Citric Acid CAS# 77-92-9

Citric acid, widely used as acidulant and antioxidant, is mainly produced via mold fermentation of sugar solutions, or extracted from citrus juices and processing residues. It is commercially available in anhydrous and monohydrate forms.

Anhydrous citric acid crystallizes from hot solutions, while monohydrate forms below 36.5°C. At 20°C, their solubilities in water are ~146g/100mL (anhydrous) and ~175g/100mL (monohydrate). A 1% aqueous solution has a pH of ~2.3 at 25°C.

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Product Information

Parameters

Melting point	153-159 °C (lit.)
Boiling point	248.08°C (rough estimate)
density	1.67 g/cm3 at 20 °C
vapor density	7.26 (vs air)
vapor pressure	<0.1 hPa (20 °C)
refractive index	1.493~1.509
FEMA	2306 \| CITRIC ACID
Fp	100 °C
storage temp.	2-8°C
solubility	Citric acid also dissolves in absolute (anhydrous) ethanol (76 parts of citric acid per 100 parts of ethanol) at 15 °C.
form	grit
pka	3.14(at 20℃)
color	White
PH	3.24(1 mM solution);2.62(10 mM solution);2.08(100 mM solution);
Odor	Odorless
Odor Type	odorless
explosive limit	8%, 65°F
Water Solubility	soluble in Water (1174g/L at 10°C, 1809g/L at 30°C, 3825g/L at 80°C).
Sensitive	Hygroscopic
λmax	λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.20λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.10
Merck	14,2326
JECFA Number	218
BRN	782061
Stability:	Stable. Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, metal nitrates.
InChIKey	KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP	-1.64
CAS DataBase Reference	77-92-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference	1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-(77-92-9)
EPA Substance Registry System	Citric acid (77-92-9)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes	Xi,C,T
Risk Statements	41-36/37/38-36/38-37/38-34-36-35-61-60
Safety Statements	26-39-37/39-24/25-36/37/39-45-36-53
RIDADR	UN 1789 8/PG 3
WGK Germany	1
RTECS	GE7350000
F	9
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	2918 14 00
Hazardous Substances Data	77-92-9(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity	LD50 in mice, rats (mmol/kg): 5.0, 4.6 i.p. (Gruber, Halbeisen)

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